Tuesday, 28 July 2020

MIRROR FROM THE INDUS: Review Essay by Dr. Seema Sinha and Comments by Jonah Raskin


REVIEW ESSAY
MIRROR FROM THE INDUS
Footprints on the Rocks of Time

Seema Sinha*
In these dark, disturbing times when humanity is under attack by an unknown enemy, Nibir K. Ghosh comes with a breath of fresh air in the form of his recent book titled MIRROR FROM THE INDUS – ESSAYS, TRIBUTES AND MEMOIRS. The book is a compilation of his articles that open a window to let in a ray of light in this unsettling gloom. Whether it is the message of humanity, freedom and universal understanding passed on by Tagore, or the ideals of truth and non-violence proclaimed by Gandhi, or the clarion call of Subhas Chandra Bose who asked for blood in return for freedom, MIRROR FROM THE INDUS has it all. And more, because from the pages speak all-time greats like the philosopher-saint Sri Aurobindo who identified the goal of spiritual nationalism, the poet-patriot Subramania Bharati who sang of the glory of our motherland, and Mother Teresa, who taught us the value of love. The book is also special because of the illustrious presence of doyens of art and literature like Rudyard Kipling, Edmund Burke, Lord Byron, Somerset Maugham, W. H. Auden, Rajinder Singh Bedi, Nissim Ezekiel, Girish Karnad, Dom Moraes, Namdeo Dhasal and many others.  The slim 208 pages volume inspires hope and gives confidence that there is light at the end of the tunnel.
While discussing Tagore’s testimony to the monument of love and beauty, the Taj Mahal, Ghosh points out that Time has no pity for the trials and travails of the human heart. Yet certain whispers are cast in stone, like the Taj, which says, ‘I remember’!’ The delirium of hatred that the world suffered from was, according to Tagore, cruel and unceasing, yet he did not lose hope. The timelessness of Tagore, or, one can say, the relevance of Tagore in these changed times is brought out in the words of Ghosh: “For this conflict ridden world that often seems to be on the precipice of an imminent clash of civilisations, the idea of multiculturalism that Tagore envisaged ages ago ought to serve as a valuable road map to the future of mankind. Centuries may be lost in shadows and empires may crumble to dust, but the richness of his prophetic legacy will continue to inspire each one of us who believe in moving beyond all man-made frontiers and boundaries like a true ambassador of human spirit.”
Speaking of Mahatma Gandhi, Ghosh points out that he was a man who inspired no less than six Nobel prize winners: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., Dalai Lama, Aung San Suu Kyi, Nelson Mandela, Adolfo Perez Esquivel and Barack Obama. The Mahatma, of course, did not even take credit for the tools of Satyagraha that he crafted. “Truth and Non-violence are as old as the hills,” said Gandhi. Ghosh emphasises that the world needs to emulate “the quintessential ordinariness of Gandhi’s life and mission,” to make us more accountable to our own selves and to the nation. To those who talk of Gandhi’s Achilles’s heel in political parlance, Ghosh states, “We must understand that after all, he was not God incarnate but an exalted mortal with normal human failings and strengths.”
If Gandhi stood for detachment and the sense of ‘Nishkama Karma’ (selfless duty), Subhas Chandra Bose gave the call of liberty, loyalty and sacrificing one’s everything for mother India. Today when all are losing their heads and panicking because of the uncertainty of the situation, Subhas Chandra Bose, says the author, is to be remembered for his steadfast belief in ‘his unstinted love of the motherland blended with the attributes of faithfulness and duty’, which  can remedy any situation. Ghosh also introduces us to the ‘high priest of India’s dynamic nationalism’, the seer and the leader, the immortal son of mother India - Aurobindo Ghosh, who exhorted his countrymen to forsake self-interest and cowardly indifference, so that the mother arises from her ‘slumber of centuries’.
Of the many lamps that Ghosh has lit in his insightful work, aptly titled MIRROR FROM THE INDUS, the one that burns brightest is that of Mother Teresa, a beacon of light in a world plagued with materialism. The author reminisces how he met this legend who took in her arms the hungry, the naked, the homeless, the crippled, who wanted us to make ‘mistakes in kindness’, and who believed that ‘the language of caring is universal’.
MIRROR FROM THE INDUS does not just reflect the glory of the motherland, it also acts as the palimpsest of human emotions which are so relevant in the Corona Times. The issues of mental health have been a concern in this mind-bending, Kafkaesque nightmare. The estrangement and insecurity find a reflection in Ghosh’s ‘Alienation and Identity in Saros Cowasjee’s Goodbye to Elsa’, where Tristan Elliot, the protagonist, realises that the big, happy family – The History Department – was a fiction. Tristan moved from one relationship to another looking for that elusive peace which was not to be his for love or money. Ghosh recalls yet another famous madman of History – Tughlaq, who ‘found both freedom and safety in his madness’. The same sense of isolation and distancing is experienced by the heroine/ vamp in ‘Exploring stereotypes: A study of Rajinder Singh Bedi’s “Lajwanti.”’  Women, observes Ghosh, are in need of self-trust, self-reliance and self-respect in order to assert their individual identity and existence, something that was denied to Lajwanti, who kept looking at her husband for validation, and found none. She could either be a Madonna or a whore – nothing in between, which was extremely unfortunate.
Talking of human emotions, ‘Dom Moraes: The Disenchanted Voyager’ cam be whole-heartedly recommended to the discerning reader. While speaking of Dom Moraes, an intrepid voyager, Ghosh quotes Tennyson who says that he cannot rest from travel, because it allows him to drink life to the lees and be a part of all that he has met.  Dom Moraes is in an act of running away from himself, which makes him an identifiable character, lost in the search of the ‘promised land’.  One finds oneself agreeing with the author who says that only in self-surrender lies the enchanted voyager’s salvation.
Ghosh beautifully describes the fortuitous meeting with the great poet Nissim Ezekiel in the All India English Teachers’ Conference. The article titled ‘The Matrix of Indianness’ poignantly compares Naipaul’s India and Ezekiel’s India, questioning the myopic vision of the former. The breadth, originality and the Indianness in Ezekiel’s description of the common man on the street is exceptional. The way the poet brings out the ‘ordinariness of events’ is extra-ordinary.
One cannot forget the master of all prose writers, the author who paints with words – Somerset Maugham.  In ‘Biography as Fiction: Paul Gauguin and Somerset Maugham,’ Ghosh takes us from London to Paris to Tahiti with Maugham’s protagonist Strickland, who is modelled closely after the great painter Paul Gauguin. The author rightly avers that “masterpieces are eternal contemporaries of mankind and have value and significance beyond the immediate confines of a particular moment in history.”
My takeaway from this book is ‘Humanistic Concerns in Indian English Fiction’ closely followed by ‘Women in Literature.’ We are in illustrious company with Albert Camus and John Milton – two of the all-time greats in world literature. Ghosh rightly reminds us of Milton's view that “The mind is its own place and in itself can make a Hell of Heaven, a Heaven of Hell.” We need it now than ever, with Corona Devi bringing back the perspective about material loss and gain.  In today’s fragile world, who is to be considered successful?: a hoarder with millions in the bank, or one who is sharing whatever little he has with others? In a world that may have no tomorrow, however bleak it may sound, there is little incentive for greed and lust. But some do not learn from the past, so History has to repeat itself. MIRROR FROM THE INDUS is a collection of such lessons that, hopefully, would make us better human beings. And each one brings us closer to the thrust area: Do grit, determination, courage, loyalty and integrity have a shelf-life? Or are they timeless?  Read the book to find the answer.
The Foreword by poet activist Ethelbert Miller and powerful endorsements by Dr. Tijan M. Sallah and Jonah Raskin bring into bold relief the international outreach of the author. The book is an aesthete’s delight. The sunset hues on the cover-page soothe one’s nerves, and the mirror-image of the title is aesthetically pleasing. I would wholeheartedly recommend the book to anyone who has the taste for good literature and timeless values. A must read.

REFERENCE
MIRROR FROM THE INDUS – ESSAYS, TRIBUTES AND MEMOIRS by Nibir K. Ghosh. With a Foreword by E. Ethelbert Miller. New Delhi: Authorspress, 2020. ISBN: 978-93-90155-24-8. pp. 208. Rs. 800.
*Dr. Seema Sinha, BITS, Pilani
Copyright Dr.


Seema Sinha 2020.

                                       Mirror from the Indus: Views from California
                                                                  Jonah Raskin

Dear Nibir,

I have read your essays and appreciate their range and depth. I like your ability to be balanced.

About half way through your book I made a note to myself to ask you why you didn't write in the first person using the word "I" and then there you were writing about Gandhi and later on Mother Teresa and using the "I" pronoun. I still wonder why you largely refrain from using the word "I"? Is this something unconscious or is it deliberate? 

A reader can infer how you feel and think about materialism, freedom, tyranny and other big topics from reading your essays about the French Revolution and Gandhi for example. But then there is this sentence -- "If one happens to visit the office of any one in power and authority, one can see that Gandhi’s portrait is placed at the back of the official chair so that he/she may remain totally unmindful of what is expected of true servants of society" - which prompted me to wonder if you personally had seen Gandhi's portrait at the back of an official chair. I am not doubting the remark, but wondered if "one" is you?'

My favorite essays are probably those on Ezekiel and Karnad, in part because in reading them I learned new things. That is not the case, for example with your essays on Kipling and Byron and Auden, because I have read so much about them. Leaving myself out  for a moment I can see that they would serve (the essays on Auden, Kipling and Byron) as useful introductions to their lives and works especially to young students.

Then I was thinking, I have known Nibir for quite a while and don't know if he is a Hindu, or Moslem or Buddhist, an agnostic, or a Brahaman. I believe you're not a Dalit.  

Dalits rarely if ever occupy the position you occupy in society. I don't think that you intentionally mean to be mysterious and it occurs to me that it may be wise in a country that is so deeply divided by caste and religion to avoid labeling yourself Hindu or Moslem or Jain or Jewish or Christian. If you were to say, "I'm Christian," for example some people would probably close the book and not read any further.  I try to avoid labels but as a working journalist I have to use them and do use them and so I describe people as "environmentalists," "humanists," "socialists," and such. These are some of my thoughts. Carry on, sir. -- Jonah Raskin

Dear Jonah,

Great to receive your elaborate comments. Thanks dear Jonah. Wherever the narrative gets personal, I usually use the first person pronoun. In India every government office meant for some administrative boss, Gandhi appears in a framed photograph on a wall located at the back of the official. So, one is me and could be anyone for that matter. Again, in India, from one's surname a person can easily make out the religion, caste and region that you belong to. I am an upper caste Hindu and a Bengali (because Bangla is my mother tongue). However, since my father was in the Indian Air Force and we moved around the country quite a bit my outlook is very cosmopolitan as regards language, region, religion, caste are concerned and I have close association with all across these barriers. Of course I admit I have spiritual as well as revolutionary leanings though I don't believe much in empty rituals of any kind. One reason why you could see essays on diverse personalities like Subhas Chandra Bose, Tughlaq, Kipling, Bedi, Ezekiel and others who all come from different religious backgrounds.

Loved your queries. Nibir

Dear Nibir,

Thanks for sharing some of your personal history. Maybe I know you a bit more now than I did a short while ago, though I also think that you reveal a lot about yourself in your essays. This revealing "business" is tricky. The poet Allen Ginsberg claimed that he revealed all, but after studying his work and digging into his life I realized/ discovered that whenever he thought he was revealing himself he was simultaneously concealing a part of himself, probably unconsciously. I am probably concealing things about myself from myself that I am not aware of. 

It's mid-summer here and Covid-19 is still around and I feel like we in the USA are headed for a big clash/ confrontation, especially with the Dems and Republicans holding their virtual conventions. Maybe we will have a virtual armageddon.  Love you,  Jonah Raskin, Santa Rosa, California

 

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